Question

9. Draw a neat labelled diagram of a vernier callipers.
Name its main parts and state their functions.​

Answer 1

Explanation:

Lower Jaws:

The upper jaws are the most prominent feature of a vernier caliper. These jaws are designed to grip objects firmly between them for measurement. One of the jaws is fixed and attached to the main scale of the caliper while the other one is attached to the vernier scale and is movable. The lower jaws allow the vernier caliper to measure outer dimensions of objects such as the length, width or diameter.

Upper Jaws:

The upper jaws are smaller in size and are attached to the upper portion of the vernier caliper. Similar to the lower jaws, one of these jaws is fixed and the other is movable. The difference between them and the lower jaws is that the upper jaws are used for measuring inside dimensions of hollow objects such as inside diameters of pipes, lengths and widths of boxes etc. The jaws are placed inside the place to be measured and then opened till they touch the edges and the reading is taken at that point.

Depth Rod:

The depth rod is another useful feature of the vernier caliper which can be used to measure the depths of holes or steps. The depth rod is a thin rod located at the end of the main scale. To measure with the depth rod, the edge of the main scale is placed on the top surface of the hole and then the jaws are opened. As the jaws are opened, the depth rod slides out with the main scale. The depth rod is extended till it touches the bottom of the hole and the reading is taken as usual.

Main Scale:

The main scale is the large scale which runs along the body of the vernier caliper. It is graduated either in centimetres and millimetres or inches depending on the type of units it is built for. In SI units the lowest graduation of the main scale is normally 1mm. The main scale is stationary.

Vernier Scale:

The Vernier scale is the defining component of the caliper and what gives it its name. The vernier caliper is a smaller scale attached to the main scale and can move along the main scale as the jaws are opened or closed. The vernier scale provides accuracy to the reading of the main scale by further dividing the lowest reading of the main scale into increments. In a metric caliper, the vernier scale is divided into 50 increments each representing 0.02 mm.

Thumb Screw:

The thumb screw is located at the bottom of the vernier scale. Its purpose is to provide a grip for the user to slide the jaws easily and adjust the position of the jaws and depth rod while maintaining a firm grip on the object.

Lock Screw:

The lock screw is used to fix the position of the jaws once the object is positioned properly so that readings can be taken without the fear of spoiling the position.

Answer 2

Answer:

Lower Jaws:

• The most prominent component of a vernier caliper is its upper jaws.
• These jaws have a tight grasp on the things they are measuring.
• One of the jaws is fixed and connected to the caliper's main scale, while the other is mobile and connected to the vernier scale.
• The vernier caliper's lower jaws enable it to measure an object's outside dimensions, such as its length, breadth, or diameter.

Upper Jaws:

• The upper jaws are joined to the top of the vernier caliper and are smaller in size.
• One of these jaws is fixed, and the other is mobile, just like the lower jaws.
• The upper jaws are used to measure the inside dimensions of hollow objects, such as the internal diameters of pipes, lengths, widths of boxes, etc., in contrast to the lower jaws.
• The measurement is obtained once the jaws are positioned inside the area to be measured and opened until they contact the edges.

Depth Rod:

• The vernier caliper also has a depth rod that may be used to measure the depths of steps or holes.
• At the very end of the main scale is a slender rod called the depth rod.
• The main scale's edge is positioned on the top surface of the hole to be measured with the depth rod, and the jaws are then opened.
• The depth rod pulls out with the main scale as the jaws are opened.
• In order to take the reading, the depth rod is stretched until it contacts the bottom of the hole.

Main Scale:

• The large scale that runs down the vernier caliper's body is the primary scale.
• Depending on the sort of units it is designed for, it is graded either in centimeters and millimeters or inches.
• The main scale's lowest graduation in SI units is typically 1mm. The main scale is fixed.

Vernier Scale:

• The Vernier scale is what distinguishes the caliper and is responsible for its name.
• The vernier caliper is a small scale that is attached to the main scale and may move along it when the jaws open and close.
• By further splitting the lowest reading of the main scale into increments, the vernier scale increases the precision of the reading of the main scale.
• The vernier scale of a metric caliper has 50 divisions, each of which corresponds to 0.02 mm.

Thumb Screw:

• At the base of the vernier scale is where the thumb screw is situated.
• Its function is to give the user a grip so they can keep a strong hold on the object while sliding the jaws and adjusting the depth rod with ease.

Lock Screw:

• Once the item is appropriately positioned, the lock screw is utilized to set the position of the jaws so that readings may be obtained without worrying about ruining the position.

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