Question

(a),(b)and(c) are three non-cyclic functional isomers of a carbonyl compound with molecular formula c4h8o isomers (a)and (c) give positive tollen's test whereas isomers (b) does not give tollen's test but gives positive iodoform test. Isomers (a) and (b) on reduction with zn (hg)/ conc.Hcl give the same product (d) intext:zigya

Answer 1

Answer:

Isomer (B) 2-butanone is least reactive towards addition of HCN. Towards addition reaction, aldehydes are more reactive than ketones due to steric and electronic reasons.

A nucleophile can approach more easily to aldehyde carbonyl carbon than that of ketone as in aldehydes, only one alkyl group is present and in ketones two bulky alkyl groups are present. Due to +I effect of alkyl groups, the carbonyl carbon in aldehydes is more electrophilic than that in ketones.

In ketones +I effect of two alkyl groups reduces the electrophilicity of carbonyl carbon. In aldehyde, +I effect of only alkyl group reduces the electrophilicity of carbonyl carbon.

solution