(a)
(b)
Differentiate prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell.
Explain structure of ribosome.
Answers
Explanation:
Prokaryotic vs. ... There are several differences between the two, but the biggest distinction between them is that eukaryotic cells have a distinct nucleus containing the cell's genetic material, while prokaryotic cells don't have a nucleus and have free-floating genetic material instead.
Answer:
Now let us study the difference between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic Cell Eukaryotic cell
Size is 0.1- 5.0 um Size is 5-100 um
Nucleus is absent Nucleus is present
Membrane bound nucleus absent.
Membrane bound Nucleus is present.
One chromosome is present, but not true chromosome plastids
More than one number of chromosomes is present.
Unicellular
Multicellular
Lysosomes and Peroxisomes absent
Lysosomes and Peroxisomes present
Microtubules absent
Microtubules present
Endoplasmic reticulum absent
Endoplasmic reticulum present
Mitochondria absent
Mitochondria present
Cytoskeleton absent
Cytoskeleton present
Ribosomes smaller
Ribosomes larger
Vesicles present
Vesicles present
Golgi apparatus absent
Golgi apparatus present
Chloroplasts absent; chlorophyll scattered in the cytoplasm
Chloroplasts present in plants
Submicroscopic in size Flagella is present made up of only one fibre
Microscopic in size, membrane bound
Cell wall chemically complexed
Cell wall is present in plants and fungi and chemically simpler
Vacuoles absent
Vacuoles absent
Permeability of Nuclear membrane is not present
Permeability of Nuclear membrane is selective
Sexual reproduction is absent
Sexual reproduction is present
Endocytosis and exocytosis are absent.
Endocytosis and exocytosis occurred
It may have pili and fimbriae.
Pili and fimbriae are absent
Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm
Transcription occurs inside the nucleus
Explanation:
In 1665, Robert Hook discovered cell. Some cells have membrane bound organells and some do not have. Depending upon the internal structure of the cell, two types of cells are found in an organism namely Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic. What is the difference between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells?Cells are also known as 'a small room'. It is the functional and structural unit of life. It is a small united area where all kinds of actions and reactions collectively take place.
Organisms that are made up of single cell are known as single-celled organisms or unicellular and from many cells are known as multi-cellular organisms. In 1665, the cell was first discovered by Robert Hook.When scientists studied cells of various living organisms from an electron microscope, it was found that many organisms have no distinct nucleus surrounded by cell membrane.
Thus, two types of cells are found in the organisms: eukaryotic and prokaryotic depending on whether cells contain membrane-bound organelles or not. Their genetic materials are enclosed by a nuclear envelope or not. Let us study through this article about the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell.
What are Prokaryotes?
According to the morphological point of view, prokaryotic cells are the most primitive cells. They do not have definite nucleus which includes bacteria and cyanobacteria (blue green algae). The chromatin bodies remain scattered inside the cytoplasm. In prokaryotes asexual division occurs, basically binary fission. Prokaryotes are smaller than eukaryotes.
What are Eukaryotes?
It is believed that eukaryotes have been evolved from the prokaryotes. They have been characterised by their membrane nucleus. They contain organelles like mitochondria bounded by membranes and are located in the cytoplasm. That is they contain a definite nucleus. The chromatin bodies are enclosed by a nuclear membrane. Both asexual and sexual division occur in eukaryotes. They are larger than prokaryotes and show better structural organisation and increased functional efficiency than prokaryotes.