A biology teacher, before starting a new chapter, draw the following schematic representation on the white board.In order to check the previous class knowledge she asked the student to answer the questions that follows(i) Name the Process ‘a’(ii) Identify ‘b’(iii) Identify ‘c’(a) What values did the teachers reflected towards her students?(b) Identify a, b and c. Name the technique.(c) Mention its importance in Biotechnology.(d) What are the steps involved in this technique?(e) What will be happen if first step is missed in this process?
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Refer to Biotechnology chapter in Class 12th book
This is working of PCR machine actually.
A - Denaturation of DNA
B - Anneal primers
C - Extend primers
● USE IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
This method allows for the creation of literally billions of DNA molecules within a matter of hours, making it much more efficient than the cloning of expressed genes.
● WORKING
To amplify a segment of DNA using PCR, the sample is first heated so the DNA denatures, or separates into two pieces of single-stranded DNA. Next, an enzyme called "Taq polymerase" synthesizes - builds - two new strands of DNA, using the original strands as templates. This process results in the duplication of the original DNA, with each of the new molecules containing one old and one new strand of DNA. Then each of these strands can be used to create two new copies, and so on, and so on. The cycle of denaturing and synthesizing new DNA is repeated as many as 30 or 40 times, leading to more than one billion exact copies of the original DNA segment.
The entire cycling process of PCR is automated and can be completed in just a few hours. It is directed by a machine called a thermocycler, which is programmed to alter the temperature of the reaction every few minutes to allow DNA denaturing and synthesis.
Without first step the procedure will not begin as denaturation of DNA enables addition of primers.
This is working of PCR machine actually.
A - Denaturation of DNA
B - Anneal primers
C - Extend primers
● USE IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
This method allows for the creation of literally billions of DNA molecules within a matter of hours, making it much more efficient than the cloning of expressed genes.
● WORKING
To amplify a segment of DNA using PCR, the sample is first heated so the DNA denatures, or separates into two pieces of single-stranded DNA. Next, an enzyme called "Taq polymerase" synthesizes - builds - two new strands of DNA, using the original strands as templates. This process results in the duplication of the original DNA, with each of the new molecules containing one old and one new strand of DNA. Then each of these strands can be used to create two new copies, and so on, and so on. The cycle of denaturing and synthesizing new DNA is repeated as many as 30 or 40 times, leading to more than one billion exact copies of the original DNA segment.
The entire cycling process of PCR is automated and can be completed in just a few hours. It is directed by a machine called a thermocycler, which is programmed to alter the temperature of the reaction every few minutes to allow DNA denaturing and synthesis.
Without first step the procedure will not begin as denaturation of DNA enables addition of primers.
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