Question

a black foul smelling liquid comes out from under the Earth surface how can we extract the important components out of it ​

Answer 1

The crude oils the liquid component of petroleum. It's types are:-

Light crude oil----->>This contains a significant amount of natural gases. This type of crude oil can flow easily through porous rocks. It is more easier to extract this crude oil.

Heavy crude oil----->>Heavy crude oil has little or no natural gas. It contains a large number of hydrocarbons. It doesn't flow easily through porous rocks. Thus, it is difficult to extract this crude oil.