Question

A brief description on the plastid

Answer 1

Plastids :
Membrane bounded organelles of plant that produce or store food materials.

Types :
1. Chromoplast : coloured plastids
2. Chloroplasts : green-coloured plastids.
3. Leucoplasts : A colourless plastid.

Functions :
1. Chloroplast :
They trap Solar energy and utilise it to manufacture food for the plant.
2. Chromoplast :
They are of various color to attract insects for pollination.
3. Leucoplasts :
They store food in the form of carbohydrates , fats and proteins.

Answer 2

Plastids (attributed to Haeckel in 1866) are some semi-autonomous cell organelles which are surrounded by a double membrane envelope, which take part in storage and synthesis of organic compounds which occur in plants and some protistians. Plastidome includes the whole plastid complex of a particular cell. Plastids have been developed colourless precursors (received from it) called proplastids.
Plastids undergo multiplication through fission-like division.
The three main types of plastids (Schimper, in 1883)- leucoplasts, chromoplasts and chloroplasts.
1) Leucoplasts: They are the type of colourless plastids of various shapes that are generally occuring in some non-green plant cells near the nucleus.
2) Chromoplasts: These are the types of plastids which are coloured rather than Leucoplasts they are green due to presence of carotenoids but lacking chlorophylls, change of fruit colour from green to yellow orange or red during ripening is due to the conversions of chloroplasts in chromoplasts, such as, red chilli and tomato.
3) Chloroplasts: They are the type of plastids which are green in colour and take a crucial part in the process of photosynthesis and temporary and permanent storage of the starch in complex form. Each chloroplast is surrounded by a double membrane bound envelopes.