A case study on consumer right "Right to Consumer Education"
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Consumer rights are the rights given to a consumer to protect him from being cheated
by unscrupulous traders and service providers. Consumer rights are designed to ensure fair trade
competition, free flow of truthful information in the market place and may provide additional
protections for the weak and those unable to take care of themselves. These rights are well
defined by the Consumer Protection Act and there are agencies like the government, consumer
courts and voluntary consumer organizations that work towards safe guarding the consumer
rights. Even though the Consumer Protection Act has been in operation since 1986, yet the
consumers are not fully aware about the various provisions of the Act particularly the rights as
consumers. In this study an attempt is made to determine the evolution of consumer rights and
the level of awareness of sample respondents of Dindigul district on consumer rights. The level
of awareness about the consumer rights and the prevalence of various redressal machineries will
be an indication of the successful performance in consumer protection movement.
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Consumers had a little protection in the world market place before the1950s. On March
15, 1962, John F .Kennedy, the then President of United States of America put forth the
Consumer Bill of Rights to help consumers understand their rights and responsibilities. The
rights are Right to Safety, Right to be Informed, Right to Choose and Right to be Heard. Further
worldwide consumer movement led by Consumer International, a global federation added four
more rights that is Right to Basic Needs, Right to Redress, Right to Consumer Education and
Right to Healthy Environment. In 1985, eight basic consumer rights were adopted by the United
Nations Assembly, which resulted in consumers having stronger consumer protection policies
worldwide. On April 9, 1985, the General Assembly of the United Nations passed a resolution
adopting a set of guidelines for consumer protection and authorized Secretary General, United
Nations to persuade the member countries, especially the developing ones to adopt policies and
laws for better protection of the interests of the consumers. Moreover Right to Boycott is the
latest addition to the rights of consumers. These rights declared and recognized internationally
added a new dimension to consumer protection. At present the consumers have all these rights
for better protection. But in India the Consumer Protection Act 1986 recognizes only six of these
nine rights. They are Safety, Information, Choice, Representation, Redressal and Consumer
Education. A brief account of the aforesaid six consumer rights is presented here under.
1. Right to Safety
The consumers have the right to be protected against the marketing of goods which are
hazardous to life and property. Special and adequate instructions are required to be given to the
consumers as to the use of the goods of complex nature. Therefore, keeping in view of the safety
of the consumers, the Act requires that the consumers should be informed or be made aware of
the risks involved in the use of the goods so that they may not be put into danger.
2. Right to Information
The Act gives the consumer the right to be informed about the quality, quantity, potency,
purity, standard and price of goods or services. This right enables the consumer to take rational
and intelligent decisions at the time when he goes for purchasing of goods or hiring of any
service.
3. Right to Choice
The right of choice means the right to be assured, wherever possible, of access to a variety of
goods at competitive prices. In other words, the consumer has a right to select and purchase the
product of his choice out of a number of products available in terms of quality and price of
goods. A shop keeper cannot force upon a customer to buy a particular brand.
4. Right to be Heard
This right assumes a significant place in law whenever there is a dispute against any
individual in the society. This means the right to representation so that consumer‟s interests
receive full and sympathetic consideration against exploitative elements in the society. Whenever
a consumer has a complaint, he has a right to be heard and also be assured that his interest will
receive due consideration at appropriate forum. This right to be heard and considered is
5. Right to Seek Redressal
It is one step forward of the right to be heard. The complaints and protests are made not just
for the sake of hearing, but for considering compensation to the affected party. The consumer has
the right to seek redressal against unfair trade practices or unscrupulous exploitation. The
Consumer Protection Act provides remedy to the consumers in case, the goods or services fail to
keep up the promises made by the traders or manufacturers or service providers.
6. Right to Consumer Education
Consumer education refers to educate the consumer constantly with regard to their rights.
This right contains the provision to acquire knowledge and skills needed to make them informed,
confident choices about goods and services, while being aware of basic consumer rights and
responsibilities and how to act on them. Therefore the consumer should be educated about his
rights through consumer education. Such education can be provided by educational institutions
and institutional agencies. Consumer awareness and education would be of much help to bring
about balanced control among buyers and sellers.