Question

A charged particle moves through a magnetic field perpendicular to its direction then energy is conserved

Answer 1

The force on a charged particle due to an electric field is directed parallel to the electric field vector in the case of a positive charge, and anti-parallel in the case of a negative charge. It does not depend on the velocity of the particle.

In contrast, the magnetic force on a charge particle is orthogonal to the magnetic field vector, and depends on the velocity of the particle. The right hand rule can be used to determine the direction of the force.

An electric field may do work on a charged particle, while a magnetic field does no work.

The Lorentz force is the combination of the electric and magnetic force, which are often considered together for practical applications.

Electric field lines are generated on positive charges and terminate on negative ones. The field lines of an isolated charge are directly radially outward. The electric field is tangent to these lines.

Magnetic field lines, in the case of a magnet, are generated at the north pole and terminate on a south pole. Magnetic poles do not exist in isolation. Like in the case of electric field lines, the magnetic field is tangent to the field lines. Charged particles will spiral around these field lines.

Key Terms

orthogonal: Of two objects, at right angles; perpendicular to each other.