A circular beam of light (diameter d) falls on a plane surface of a liquid. The an gl e of i n ci d en ce i s 4 5 0 and the refractive index is . The diameter of refracted beam is
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Explanation:
See the figure and then see this explanation
Taking triangle 1
cos i = d /PQ
Taking riangle 2
cos r = d' / Pq
cosi/d = cos r /d'
d' = d cos r /cosi ------ 1
Using snell's law ,
μ = sin i / sinr = sin 45 /sinr
sinr = 1/(√2μ )
sin²Ф + cos²Ф = 1
cos r = √( 2μ² -1) / √2μ
d' = d √( 2μ² -1) / μ
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