Question

a)
Classify the following as homologous or analogous pairs :
(i) Broccoli and Cabbage
(ii) Ginger and Raddish
(iii) Fore limbs of birds and lizard
(iv) Wings of a bat and Wings of a bird
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Answer 1

The correct answer is Homologous, Analogous, Homologous and Analogous.

Explanation:

• Homologous are such organs that have similar origins but function-wise they are very different while analogous are  organs which have quite varied embryonic origin but they have similar functions.
• Broccoli and cabbage are homologous because they belong to same same family which is Brassicaceae.
• Ginger and Radish are analogous because because they have different origin and perform the same function of food storage.
• Forelimbs of birds and lizards are homologous because they have same origin but perform different function.
• Wings of a bat and wings of a bird are analogous because they have different form of structures. Bat wings are flaps of skin stretched between the bones of the fingers and the arm while the bird wings consist of feathers extending all along the arm.

Answer 2

Homologous and Analogous organs

Explanation:

Homologous structures are similar in origin but perform different functions. Broccoli and cabbage are homologous structures. They are both similar in structure as they are both edible root vegetables but are dissimilar in function.

(i) Broccoli and Cabbage

(iii) Fore limbs of birds and lizard

Analogous organs are those organs which have the different basic structural design and origin but have similar functions. Ginger and Radish are analogous as they both perform the same function of food storage.

(ii) Ginger and Radish

(iv) Wings of a bat and Wings of a bird