a compound contains 4.07% hydrogen, 24.27% carbon and 71.65 chlorine. Its molar mass is 98.96g. what are its emperical and molecular formulae?
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Empirical formula
In chemistry, the empirical formula of a chemical compound is the simplest positive integer ratio of atoms present in a compound.[1] A simple example of this concept is that the empirical formula of sulphur monoxide, or SO, would simply be SO, as is the empirical formula of disulfur dioxide, S2O2. This means that sulfur monoxide and disulfur dioxide, both compounds of sulfur and oxygen, will have the same empirical formula. However, their chemical formulas, which express the number of atoms in each molecule of a chemical compound, may not be the same.
molecular formula
A molecular formula tells you the ratios of each different element in a molecule. An empirical formula tells you just the lowest ratio of the different elements in each molecule. Each has a specific weight associated with it, and the molecular weight will always be a whole number multiple of the empirical weight. In this case, the empirical formula CH2O has an associated empirical weight of 12 + 2 + 16 = 30 g/equivalent. The molecular weight is (almost) exactly 4 times the empirical weight, meaning that the molecular formula is exactly four times the empirical formula: C4H8O4.
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In chemistry, the empirical formula of a chemical compound is the simplest positive integer ratio of atoms present in a compound.[1] A simple example of this concept is that the empirical formula of sulphur monoxide, or SO, would simply be SO, as is the empirical formula of disulfur dioxide, S2O2. This means that sulfur monoxide and disulfur dioxide, both compounds of sulfur and oxygen, will have the same empirical formula. However, their chemical formulas, which express the number of atoms in each molecule of a chemical compound, may not be the same.
molecular formula
A molecular formula tells you the ratios of each different element in a molecule. An empirical formula tells you just the lowest ratio of the different elements in each molecule. Each has a specific weight associated with it, and the molecular weight will always be a whole number multiple of the empirical weight. In this case, the empirical formula CH2O has an associated empirical weight of 12 + 2 + 16 = 30 g/equivalent. The molecular weight is (almost) exactly 4 times the empirical weight, meaning that the molecular formula is exactly four times the empirical formula: C4H8O4.
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Answer:
Hydrogen Carbon Chlorine
mass 4.07 24.27 71.65
RAM 1 12 35.5
no. of moles 4.07/1 24.27/12 71.65/35.5
4.07 2.02 2.02
divide by the 4.07/2.02 2.02/2.02 2.02
least no 2 1 1
Empirical formula therefore is H2CCl
the molecular formula is (EF)n=MF
(1+1+12+35.5)=49.5......98.96/49.5=2 n=2
(H2CCl)2=H4C2Cl2
therefore the molecular formula is C2H4Cl2 (dichloroethane)
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