Question

A compound X on heating with excess conc. sulphuric acid at 443k gives an unsaturated compound Y. X also reacts with sodium metal to evolve a colorless gas Z. Identify X, Y, Z and write chemical equation for the formation of Y

Answer 1

Answer : X => ethanol
Y => ethene
Z => Hydrogen gas

Explanation :-when Ethanol is heated
with excess amount of concentrated
sulphuric acid, gives unsaturated
compound Ethene (C2H4)
here, conc. sulphuric acid as as
dehydrating agent because it ejects
water from ethanol.

reaction is---

CH3CH20H----> CH2= CH2 + H20l in
the presence of Conc. H2S04 at 443 K)
now, when Ethanol react with sodium,
colorless gas e. g., Hydrogen gas
evolved in reaction.
reaction is---

2CH3CH20H + Na--> C2H50Na + H2

Answer 2

X--->Ethanol
Y--->Ethene
Z--->Hydrogen

For equations, you can refer Science NCERT textbook (CH 4 - Carbon & It's Compund)