Question

a compound x on heating with excess concentrated sulphuric acid at 443 Kelvin gives an unsaturated compound Y. X also react with sodium metal to evolve a colour less gas Z. Write the chemical reaction of Y and also write the role of sulphuric acid in the reaction​

Answer 1

X is ethanol (C₂H₅OH)

      ( Conc.H₂SO₄)

X                ➜                                Y+H₂O

              (443 K)

Now, Y is C₂H₄

or

C₂H₅OH  ➜  C₂H₄ + H₂O

This reaction is called dehydration.

C₂H₅OH + Na ➜  C₂H₅ONa  + H₂

So, Z is H₂.

Role of Sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄):

Concentrated sulphuric acid acts as a dehydrating agent (a catalyst) which removes H₂O from C₂H₅OH.

Hope this helps.

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