Question

A consumer is consuming two goods X and Y and is in equilibrium. The prices of X and Y are Rs.25 and Rs.40 respectively and marginal utility of good Y is 50 units. What will be marginal utility of good X. a. 100 units b. 1unit c. 80 units d. 200 units please explain the answer completely and correctly

Answer 1

Answer:

In case of two commodities, the consumer's equilibrium is attained at the point where the utility derived from each additional unit rupee spent on each of the goods is equal. That is, Marginal Utility of a Rupee spent on the good x.

$\frac{mux}{px}$

is equal to the Marginal Utility of a

Rupee spent on good Y(i.e,

$\frac{muy}{py}$

which, in turn, is equal to the Marginal Utility of Money(MUm).

That is,

$\frac{mux}{px} = mum$

Howevwe, when the price of commodity x rises, the ratio of marginal utility to price of

$\binom{muz}{pz}$

becomes lower than that of Y, that is

$\frac{mux}{px} < \frac{muy}{py}$

In such a case , the consumer rearranges his consumption combination such that the equality is again restored. He would decreases his consumption of commodity X. With this decreases, marginal utility of x rises, As a result the ratio of marginal utility to price of X rises. The consumer would continue decreasing the consumption of commodity X till the equality between the ratio of marginal utility to price in case of X and Y is again reached.

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