a database of virus is called.........
Answers
Answer:
We construct a virus database called VirusDB
Answer: Virus Databases
Explanation: Abstract
As tools and technologies for the analysis of biological organisms (including viruses) have improved, the amount of raw data generated by these technologies has increased exponentially. Today's challenge, therefore, is to provide computational systems that support data storage, retrieval, display, and analysis in a manner that allows the average researcher to mine this information for knowledge pertinent to his or her work. Every article in this encyclopedia contains knowledge that has been derived in part from the analysis of such large data sets, which in turn are directly dependent on the databases that are used to organize this information. Fortunately, continual improvements in data-intensive biological technologies have been matched by the development of computational technologies, including those related to databases. This work forms the basis of many of the technologies that encompass the field of bioinformatics. This article provides an overview of database structure and how that structure supports the storage of biological information. The different types of data associated with the analysis of viruses are discussed, followed by a review of some of the various online databases that store general biological, as well as virus-specific, information.
Keywords: Annotation, Bioinformatics, Comparative genomics, Curation, Database, Database, flat file, Database, hierarchical, Database, relational, Database schema, Genome, Viral genome, XML
Introduction
In 1955, Niu and Frankel-Conrat published the C-terminal amino acid sequence of tobacco mosaic virus capsid protein. The complete 158-amino-acid sequence of this protein was published in 1960. The first completely sequenced viral genome published was that of bacteriophage MS2 in 1976 (GenBank accession number V00642). Sanger used DNA from bacteriophage phiX174 (J02482) in developing the dideoxy sequencing method, while the first animal viral genome, SV40 (J02400), was sequenced using the Maxam and Gilbert method and published in 1978. Viruses therefore played a pivotal role in the development of modern-day sequencing methods, and viral sequence information (both protein and nucleotide) formed a substantial subset of the earliest available biological databases. In 1965, Margaret O. Dayhoff published the first publicly available database of biological sequence information. This Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure was available only in printed form and contained the sequences of approximately 50 proteins. Establishment of a database of nucleic acid sequences began in 1979 through the efforts of Walter Goad at the US Department of Energy's Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) and separately at the European Molecular Biology Laboratories (EMBL) in the early 1980s. In 1982, the LANL database received funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and was christened GenBank. In December of 1981, the Los Alamos Sequence Library contained 263 sequences of which 50 were from eukaryotic viruses and 12 were from bacteriophages. By its tenth release in 1983, GenBank contained 1865 sequences (1 827 214 nucleotides) of which 449 (457 721 nucleotides) were viral. In August of 2006, GenBank (release 154) contained approximately 59 000 000 records, including 367 000 viral sequences.
The number of available sequences has increased exponentially as sequencing technology has improved. In addition, other high-throughput technologies have been developed in recent years, such as those for gene expression and proteomic studies. All of these technologies generate enormous new data sets at ever-increasing rates. The challenge, therefore, has been to provide computational systems that support the storage, retrieval, analysis, and display of this information so that the research scientist can take advantage of this wealth of resources to ask and answer questions relevant to his or her work. Every article in this encyclopedia contains knowledge that has been derived in part from the analysis of large data sets. The ability to effectively and efficiently utilize these data sets is directly dependent on the databases that have been developed to support storage of this information. Fortunately, the continual development and improvement of data-intensive biological technologies has been matched by the development and improvement of computational technologies. This work, which includes both the development and utilization of databases as well as tools for storage and analysis of biological information, forms a very important part of the bioinformatics field. This article provides an overview of database structure and how that structure supports the storage of biological information. The different types of data associated with the analysis of viruses are discussed, followed by a review of some of the various online databases that store general biological information as well as virus-specific information.