(a) Define an acid and a base. Give two examples of each.
(b) Give the names and formulae of two strong bases and two weak bases.
(c) What type of ions are formed :
(i) when an acid is dissolved in water ?
(ii) when a base (or alkali) is dissolved in water ?
(d) Write the neutralisation reaction between acids and bases in terms of the ions involved.
(e) Write any two important uses of bases.
Lakhmir Singh Chemistry Class 10
Answers
Answer:
a)
Explanation:
when blue litumu change to red.are called acid solution.
when red litumus changes to blue are called base solution.
Definition of Acid and Base :
Acids are sour to taste.
They turn blue litmus paper to red
An acid is a substance when dissolved in water releases H+ ions.
eg: HCl(aq) ----> H⁺ (aq) +Cl⁻(aq)
examples : HCl, H2SO4
Base :
Bases are bitter to taste
They turn red litmus paper to blue.
Base is substance when dissolved in water releases OH⁻ ions.
NaOH(aq)----> Na⁺(aq) + OH ⁻(aq)
exampes : NaOH, KOH
b)Give the names and formulae of two strong bases and two weak bases:
strong bases : Sodium Hydroxide and Potassium Hydroxide
weak bases : Magnesium hydroxide and baking soda
Neutralization reaction :
Acid and base reacts to produce salt and water
HCl + NaOH ---> NaCl + H2O
here a salt is named by cation of base and anion of acid
Uses of bases :
- Magnesium hydroxide(milk of magnesium is used as antacid)
- Sodium Hydroxide is used in paper, soap industry.