a) define heat of fusion b) differentiate between evaporation and boiling c) define solubility. How does solubility of a solid in water change with temperature?
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The enthalpy of fusion of a substance, also known as (latent) heat of fusion, is the change in its enthalpy resulting from providing energy, typically heat, to a specific quantity of the substance to change its state from a solid to a liquid, (or resulting from the release of energy from a substance during transition from liquid to solid), at constant pressure. (It is used to describe the change in phase of matter on melting or freezing.) This energy includes the contribution required to make room for any associated change in volume by displacing its environment against ambient pressure.
Evaporation. Boiling. It is surface phenomenon. It is bulk phenomenon.
It takes place at room temperature. It has a fixed melting point.
It is slow. It is fast.
Solubility is the property of a solid, liquid, or gaseous chemical substance called solute to dissolve in a solid, liquid, or gaseous solvent. ... Solubility is not to be confused with the ability to 'dissolve' a substance, because the solution might also occur because of a chemical reaction.
Answer:
Usually, increasing the temperature increases the solubility of solids and liquids. Increasing the temperature always decreases the solubility of gases.
Explanation:
When you add a solute to a solvent, the kinetic energy of the solvent molecules overcomes the attractive forces among solute particles.
The solute particles leave the surface of the solid and move into the dissolved (aqueous) phase. In the image below the mass of grey (-) balls and green (+) balls represent a salt crystal. As the salt dissolves, the positive and negative ions are pulled apart and become surrounded by water molecules.
If we heat the solvent, the average kinetic energies of its molecules increases. Hence, the solvent is able to dislodge more particles from the surface of the solute.
Thus, increasing the temperature increases the solubilities of substances. For example, sugar and salt are more soluble in water at higher temperatures.
But, as the temperature increases, the solubility of a gas in a liquid decreases. As temperature increases, the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules increases.
As a result, the gas molecules dissolved in the liquid are more likely to escape to the gas phase and not return.
Evaporation. Boiling. It is surface phenomenon. It is bulk phenomenon.
It takes place at room temperature. It has a fixed melting point.
It is slow. It is fast.
Solubility is the property of a solid, liquid, or gaseous chemical substance called solute to dissolve in a solid, liquid, or gaseous solvent. ... Solubility is not to be confused with the ability to 'dissolve' a substance, because the solution might also occur because of a chemical reaction.
Answer:
Usually, increasing the temperature increases the solubility of solids and liquids. Increasing the temperature always decreases the solubility of gases.
Explanation:
When you add a solute to a solvent, the kinetic energy of the solvent molecules overcomes the attractive forces among solute particles.
The solute particles leave the surface of the solid and move into the dissolved (aqueous) phase. In the image below the mass of grey (-) balls and green (+) balls represent a salt crystal. As the salt dissolves, the positive and negative ions are pulled apart and become surrounded by water molecules.
If we heat the solvent, the average kinetic energies of its molecules increases. Hence, the solvent is able to dislodge more particles from the surface of the solute.
Thus, increasing the temperature increases the solubilities of substances. For example, sugar and salt are more soluble in water at higher temperatures.
But, as the temperature increases, the solubility of a gas in a liquid decreases. As temperature increases, the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules increases.
As a result, the gas molecules dissolved in the liquid are more likely to escape to the gas phase and not return.
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