Question

A. define valency by taking examples of silicon and oxygen.

B. explain Rutherford 's model of atom and also write it's limitation​

Answer 1

Answer:

A. Atomic number of silicon is 14. The electronic configuration of the element is-K=2, L=8,m=4. According to the electronic configuration the valency is +4 or -4 because silicon can either gain 4 electrons or lose 4 electrons because it is a noble gas. Hence valency of silicon is 4.

B. Rutherford's model was unable to explain the stability of an atom. According to Rutherford's postulate, electrons revolve at a very high speed around a nucleus of an atom in a fixed orbit. ... Finally, the orbits will shrink and collapse in the nucleus of an atom.

Hope this helps!!!

Answer 2

1. ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ɴᴜᴍʙᴇʀ ᴏғ sɪʟɪᴄᴏɴ ɪs 14. ᴛʜᴇ ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛʀᴏɴɪᴄ ᴄᴏɴғɪɢᴜʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴇʟᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ ɪs-ᴋ=2, ʟ=8,ᴍ=4. ᴀᴄᴄᴏʀᴅɪɴɢ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛʀᴏɴɪᴄ ᴄᴏɴғɪɢᴜʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴠᴀʟᴇɴᴄʏ ɪs +4 ᴏʀ -4 ʙᴇᴄᴀᴜsᴇ sɪʟɪᴄᴏɴ ᴄᴀɴ ᴇɪᴛʜᴇʀ ɢᴀɪɴ 4 ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛʀᴏɴs ᴏʀ ʟᴏsᴇ 4 ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛʀᴏɴs ʙᴇᴄᴀᴜsᴇ ɪᴛ ɪs ᴀ ɴᴏʙʟᴇ ɢᴀs. ʜᴇɴᴄᴇ ᴠᴀʟᴇɴᴄʏ ᴏғ sɪʟɪᴄᴏɴ ɪs 4.
2. ʀᴜᴛʜᴇʀғᴏʀᴅ's ᴍᴏᴅᴇʟ ᴡᴀs ᴜɴᴀʙʟᴇ ᴛᴏ ᴇxᴘʟᴀɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ sᴛᴀʙɪʟɪᴛʏ ᴏғ ᴀɴ ᴀᴛᴏᴍ. ᴀᴄᴄᴏʀᴅɪɴɢ ᴛᴏ ʀᴜᴛʜᴇʀғᴏʀᴅ's ᴘᴏsᴛᴜʟᴀᴛᴇ, ᴇʟᴇᴄᴛʀᴏɴs ʀᴇᴠᴏʟᴠᴇ ᴀᴛ ᴀ ᴠᴇʀʏ ʜɪɢʜ sᴘᴇᴇᴅ ᴀʀᴏᴜɴᴅ ᴀ ɴᴜᴄʟᴇᴜs ᴏғ ᴀɴ ᴀᴛᴏᴍ ɪɴ ᴀ ғɪxᴇᴅ ᴏʀʙɪᴛ. ... ғɪɴᴀʟʟʏ, ᴛʜᴇ ᴏʀʙɪᴛs ᴡɪʟʟ sʜʀɪɴᴋ ᴀɴᴅ ᴄᴏʟʟᴀᴘsᴇ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴜᴄʟᴇᴜs ᴏғ ᴀɴ ᴀᴛᴏᴍ.