Question

a) Differentiate between metals and non – metals on the basis of the following

physical properties with example:

Strength, lustre, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and sonority.

(OR)

b) Mention the chemical equation what happens when,

i) copper is heated strongly in air

ii) iron reacts with steam

iii) sodium reacts with dilute sulphuric acid

iv) zinc is added to sodium hydroxide

v) sodium burns vigorously in oxygen


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Answer 1

Physical properties of metals

1. They are in solid state at room temperature

Example : copper, iron , gold , silver

Exception : mercury, gallium

2. Metals are lustrous

Examples: iron, silver, gold, copper

Exceptions : lead

3. Metals are hard and have high density

Examples: iron , gold, copper

Exceptions: sodium , potassium

4. Metals have a high melting point and boiling point

Examples : iron, copper etc

Exceptions: sodium, potassium, mercury, gallium

5. They are malleable

Examples: iron, copper

6. They are ductile

Examples : aluminium

7. They have good tensile strength

Examples: iron , gold

Exceptions: mercury, zinc, sodium

8. Thay are good conductors of heat and electricity

Example : silver, which is the best conductor of heat and electricity

Exception: lead

9. They can be made in to alloys

Example : brass, bronze , solder

10. They are sonorous , they produce sound when hit

Example : iron, steel

Physical properties of nonmetals

1. They are found in all three States of matter

Example :

a. Sulphur , iodine and phosphorous are solids

b. Bromine as liquid

c. Oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen in gaseous form

2. Non metals are brittle

But diamond it is the hardest non metal

3. Non metals are non malleable

4. Metals are good conductors of electricity and heat where as non metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

Exception: graphite

5. Non metals are non ductile

6. Non metals are non sonorous

7. Non metals are not lustrous

Exception : diamond, iodine

B.

1. 2Cu ( s) + O2 (g) = 2CuO

2. 3Fe + 4 H2O = Fe304 + H2

3. H2SO4 + NaOH = Na2SO4

4. Zn + NaOH = Na2znO2 + H2

5. Na + O2 = NaO2

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