A diffraction gratting produces deviation of 12° in the 2nd order with the light of wavelength 4160A° find the grating element and the number of lines/cm of grating light?
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¤ A diffraction grating is made by making many parallel scratches on the surface of a flat piece of some transparent material. It is possible to put some large number of scratches per cm on the material. For example, the grating to be used has 6,000 lines per cm on it. The scratches are opaque but the areas between the scratches can transmit the light through. Thus, a diffraction grating becomes a multitude for the source with parallel slit, when light falls upon it. In this topic, a student will learn the diffraction grating formula with examples. Let us learn the concept!
Concept of the diffraction grating
A parallel bundle of the rays will fall on the grating. Rays and wavefront form an orthogonal set so the wavefront will be perpendicular to the rays and parallel to the grating. Here Huygens’ Principle is applicable.
According to it every point on a wavefront acts as a new source, and each transparent slit becomes a new source so cylindrical wavefront spread out from each.
If a peak falls on a valley consistently, then the waves cancel and no light exists at that point. Also, if peaks fall on peaks and valleys fall on valleys consistently, then the light is made brighter at that point. Diffraction is an alternative way to observe spectra other than a prism.
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