Question

a dilute aqueous solution of sodium chloride is electrolysed; the products at the anode and cathode are

Answer 1

At the anode = Chlorine
At the cathode = Sodium hydroxide and Hydrogen.

Answer 2

As the cathode is connected to the negative terminal and positive ions will be attracted to it.

And the positive ions in the solution are:

H+ and Na+

The element which is less reactive is reduced and converted to normal state from ions. And so hydrogen is less reactive and hydrogen is released at the cathode.

So H+ at the cathode and Cl- in the anode.