Question

A dipole is placed in a uniform electric field; its
potential energy will be minimum when the angle
between its axis and field is

Answer 1

The potential energy of electric dipole is the product of the dipole moment and electric field.

Where, P = dipole moment

E = electric field

= angle between dipole and electric field

(I). When the angle between the dipole moment and electric field is 180° then the potential energy of electric dipole is maximum.

(II). When the angle between the dipole moment and electric field is zero then the potential energy of electric dipole is minimum.