a discription from which book on the gonds
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The Gondi (Gōndi) or Gond or Koitur[3] are an Indian ethnic group. They speak the Gondi language. They are one of the largest tribal groups in India.[4] They are spread over the states of Madhya Pradesh, eastern Maharashtra (Vidarbha),[5] Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar and Odisha. They are listed as a Scheduled Tribe for the purpose of India's system of positive discrimination.[6] They are an Adivasi group (indigenous people) of India[7]
Gondi people
Koitur
Women in adivasi village, Umaria district, India.jpg
Gondi women in Umaria district
Total population
c. 13 million[1]
Regions with significant populations
India
Madhya Pradesh
5,093,124[1]
Chhattisgarh
4,298,404[1]
Maharashtra
1,618,090[1]
Odisha
888,581[1]
Uttar Pradesh
569,035[1]
Andhra Pradesh (undivided)
304,537[1]
Bihar
256,738[1]
Karnataka
158,243[1]
Jharkhand
53,676[1]
West Bengal
13,535[1]
Gujarat
2,965[1]
Languages
Gondi • Regional languages
Religion
Hinduism [2]
Related ethnic groups
Dravidian people • Muria people • Madia Gond
The Gondi language is closely related to Telugu. The 2011 Census of India recorded about 2.98 million Gondi speakers, concentrated in southeastern Madhya Pradesh, eastern Maharashtra, southern Chhattisgarh and northern Telangana. Most Gonds, however, speak the broader languages of the region they live in.[8]
According to the 1971 census, their population was 5.01 million. By the 1991 census, this had increased to 9.3 million[9][page needed] and by the 2001 census the figure was nearly 11 million. For the past few decades they have been witnesses to the Naxalite–Maoist insurgency in the central part of India.[10] Gondi people, at the behest of the Chhattisgarh government, formed the Salwa Judum, an armed militant group to fight the Naxalite insurgency.