A DNA molecule consists of many individual structures that each contain a 5-carbon sugar, a nitrogen-containing base, and a phosphate group. What are these individual structures called?
A.
nucleotides
B.
RNA molecules
C.
nucleic acids
D.
proteins
Answers
A vitamin is an organic molecule (or related set of molecules) that is an essential micronutrient that an organism needs in small quantities for the proper functioning of its metabolism. Essential nutrients cannot be synthesized in the organism, either at all or not in sufficient quantities, and therefore must be obtained through the diet. Vitamin C can be synthesized by some species but not by others; it is not a vitamin in the first instance but is in the second. The term vitamin does not include the three other groups of essential nutrients: minerals, essential fatty acids, and essential amino acids.[2] Most vitamins are not single molecules, but groups of related molecules called vitamers. For example, vitamin E consists of four tocopherols and four tocotrienols. The thirteen vitamins required by human metabolism are: vitamin A (retinols and carotenoids), vitamin B1 (thiamine), vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B3 (niacin), vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid), vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), vitamin B7 (biotin), vitamin B9 (folic acid or folate), vitamin B12 (cobalamins), vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin D (calciferols), vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols), and vitamin K (quinones).
A DNA molecule is made up of four different nucleotide Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine.
These nucleotide are the building blocks of DNA molecule and categorized into two categories: pyrimidines (cytosine, thymine) with single nitrogen containing ring and purines (adenine and guanine) with two nitrogen containing rings.
These all nucleotide contain energy in the form of nucleoside triphosphate (a nitrogenous with 5-carbon sugar) as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), guanosine triphosphate (GTP), and cytidine triphosphate (CTP).
Nucleotide can be synthesized both in vitro and in vivo.