Question

a) Do you think that lack of access to proper sanitation facilities affects peoples’ lives? How? b) Why do you think that this would impact women and girls more acutely?
Word Limit - 200 to 250 words

Answer 1

Explanation:

a) Yes, lack of access to proper sanitation facilities indeed affects the lives of people. Not only do they have to seek other alternatives, but the risk of various diseases like cholera, typhoid,etc, and also the risk of respiratory and eye skin related disorders and infections.

b) Women and girls are especially affected by inadequate sanitation because of gender related differences - cultural and social factors - but also because of sex-related differences - physiological factors. Gender refers to the social differences and relations between men and women which are learned and often constructed and which differ in various societies and can change over time. Women often bear cleaning responsibilities and in many cases also are responsible for the disposal of human waste. During menstruation, pregnancy and postnatal stages the need for adequate sanitation becomes even more critical and Toilet-avoidance dehydration is a particular health threat. 

Answer 2

Explanation:

Poor sanitation is linked to transmission of diseases such as cholera, diarrhoea, dysentery, hepatitis A, typhoid and polio and exacerbates stunting. Poor sanitation reduces human well-being, social and economic development due to impacts such as anxiety, risk of sexual assault, and lost educational opportunities.

Poor sanitation has significant impacts on the safety, well-being and educational prospects of women. Girls' lack of access to a clean, safe toilet, especially during menstruation, perpetuates risk, shame and fear.

Benefits of improved sanitation extend well beyond reducing the risk of diarrhoea. These include:

• reducing the spread of intestinal worms, schistosomiasis and trachoma, which are neglected tropical diseases that cause suffering for millions;
• reducing the severity and impact of malnutrition;
• promoting dignity and boosting safety, particularly among women and girls.
• promoting school attendance: girls’ school attendance is particularly boosted by the provision of separate sanitary facilities; and
• potential recovery of water, renewable energy and nutrients from faecal waste.

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