Question

(a) Draw a schematic representation of movement of water in plants during transpiration and captain it
(b) Explain transport of food and other substances in plants.
(c) Diffusion will not be sufficient to provide raw materials in leaves and energy in roots in plants. Therefore, a proper system of transpiration is essential. Explain.


CBSE Class X Science LA (5 Marks)

Answer 1

(a) Schematic Diagram : Root hairs Cortex —> Endodermis Xylem of roots Stomata 4— Epidermis 4— Xylem of leaves 4— Xylem of Stem 1 Explanation : Transpiration helps in the absorption and upward movement of water and minerals dissolved in it from roots to the leaves. The effect of root pressure in transport of water is more important at night During the day when the stomata are open, the transpiration pull becomes the major driving force in the movement of water in the xylem. (b) The transport of soluble products of photosynthesis is called translocation and it occurs in the part of the vascular tissue known as phloem. Besides the products of photosynthesis, the phloem transports amino adds and other substances. These substances are especially delivered to the storage organs of roots, fruits and seeds, and to growing organs. The translocation of food and other substances takes place in the sieve tubes with the help of adjacent companion cells both in upward and downward directions. (c) If the distances between soil-contacting organs and chlorophyll-containing organs are small, energy and raw materials can easily diffuse to all parts of the plant body. But if these distances become large because of changes in plant body design, diffusion processes will not be sufficient to provide raw materials in leaves and energy in roots. A proper system of transportation is, therefore, essential in such situations.

Answer 2

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