Question

a. explain the universal law of gravitation and derive the equation b. find the relation between G and g.​

Answer 1

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ɴᴇᴡᴛᴏɴ's ʟᴀᴡ ᴏғ ᴜɴɪᴠᴇʀsᴀʟ ɢʀᴀᴠɪᴛᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ɪs ᴜsᴜᴀʟʟʏ sᴛᴀᴛᴇᴅ ᴀs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴇᴠᴇʀʏ ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ ᴀᴛᴛʀᴀᴄᴛs ᴇᴠᴇʀʏ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀ ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴜɴɪᴠᴇʀsᴇ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴀ ғᴏʀᴄᴇ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ɪs ᴅɪʀᴇᴄᴛʟʏ ᴘʀᴏᴘᴏʀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴍᴀssᴇs ᴀɴᴅ ɪɴᴠᴇʀsᴇʟʏ ᴘʀᴏᴘᴏʀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ sǫᴜᴀʀᴇ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅɪsᴛᴀɴᴄᴇ ʙᴇᴛᴡᴇᴇɴ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴄᴇɴᴛᴇʀs.

Answer 2

According to Newton Law of Gravitation:

every two objects in the universe attract each other with the force which is directly proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to r square

therefore,

F = GMm/r square........(1)

where G is Gravitational constant

as we know F = mg

put in (1)

mg = GMm/r square

we get,

g = GM/r square

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