A farmer is experiencing low productivity and a lot of pest and weed in the crop field. If he comes to you, what measures and procedures will you suggest him in this regard? Explain in detail.
Answers
Answer:
Certain cultural practices can prevent or reduce insect crop damage. These include destruction of crop residues, deep plowing, crop rotation, use of fertilizers, strip-cropping, irrigation, and scheduled planting operations.
Explanation:
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Maintenance of crop health is essential for successful farming for both yield and quality of produce. This requires long-term strategies for the minimization of pest and disease occurrence preferably by enhancing natural control mechanisms, growing a “healthy crop”. Specific measures include the use of disease- and pest-resistant crops, rotation of crops, including those with pasture, to provide disease breaks for susceptible crops, apply non-chemical control practices (thermic, mechanical) as applicable and as last resort the tactical use of agrochemicals to control weeds, pests, and diseases following the principles of IPM and guidelines of good application practices. Any measure for crop protection but particularly those involving substances that are harmful for humans or the environment has to be carried out with state of the art knowledge and equipment. Integrated Pest Management should focus on the following points:
1).Use resistant cultivars and varieties, crop sequences, associations, and cultural practices that minimize the pressure and maximize biological prevention of pests and diseases.
2).Maintain regular and quantitative assessment of the balance status between pest and disease and beneficial organisms of all crops.
3).Apply pest and disease forecasting techniques where available.
4).Understand and use non-chemical pest and disease management practices.