A girl of mass 40 kg jumps
with a horizontal velocity of 5 ms' onto
a stationary cart with frictionless
wheels. The mass of the cart is 3 kg.
What is her velocity as the cart starts
moving? Assume that there is no
external unbalanced force working in
the horizontal direction.
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❄️ Answer :
Let v be the velocity of the girl on the cart as the cart starts moving.
The total momenta of the girl and cart before the interaction
= 40 kg × 5 m s^-1 + 3 kg × 0 m s^-1
= 200 kg m s^-1.
Total momenta after the interaction
= (40 + 3) kg × v m s^-1
= 43 v kg m s^-1.
According to the law of conservation of momentum, the total momentum is conserved during the interaction.
That is,
43 v = 200
→ v = 200/43 = + 4.65 m s^-1.
The girl on the cart would move with a velocity of 4.65 m s^-1 in the direction in which the girl jumped.
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