A group of 20 students of Class XII went to a nearby village. They observed that there is a lot of difference in the environment of rural and urban area. In urban area, there is a lot of pollution. Peoples are suffering from cough, typhoid, and skin diseases but in rural area people are healthy. There are a large number of trees in rural area therefore, environment is clean. (i) What are the main reasons of air pollution? (ii) What are primary and secondary pollutants? (iii) Name two water borne diseases. (iv) What is global warming? (v) Why is it advisable to switch off engine of vehicle at red light? (vi) What is photochemical smog?
Answers
here is your answer
i) The main reasons for air pollution are the lead compounds exhausted by automobiles metros and other vehicles. also the advanced factories having chimneys releases a large amount of smoke.
ii)A primary pollutant is an air pollutant emitted directly from a source.
A secondary pollutant is not directly emitted as such, but forms when other pollutants (primary pollutants) react in the atmosphere.
Examples of a secondary pollutant include ozone, which is formed when hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) combine in the presence of sunlight; NO2, which is formed as NO combines with oxygen in the air; and acid rain, which is formed when sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides react with water.
iii)A primary pollutant is an air pollutant emitted directly from a source.
A secondary pollutant is not directly emitted as such, but forms when other pollutants (primary pollutants) react in the atmosphere.
Examples of a secondary pollutant include ozone, which is formed when hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) combine in the presence of sunlight; NO2, which is formed as NO combines with oxygen in the air; and acid rain, which is formed when sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxides react with water.
iv)the increase in the temperature of the earth’s atmosphere, caused by the increase of certain gases is called global warming.
v)It is advisable to switch off engines at red light to decrease the amount of smoke and lead compounds exhaust.
vi) haze in the atmosphere accompanied by high levels of ozone and nitrogen oxides, caused by the action of sunlight on pollutant is known as photochemical smog
Answer:
Explanation:
(i) Explain the main reasons of air pollution.
Ans:- The main cause of air pollution is the burning of fossil fuels. Harmful gases like sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide etc. are released into the atmosphere due to incomplete combustion of fossil fuels which pollutes the air.
(ii) Identify primary and secondary pollutants.
Ans:- Primary pollutants are those that are emitted directly from a source, which can be natural (volcanic eruptions or fires, for example) or of anthropogenic origin (carbon monoxide from vehicles).
Secondary pollutants, on the other hand, are not emitted directly. Its origin lies in the interactions between the primary emissions in the atmosphere. One of the most known secondary pollutants is tropospheric ozone.
(iii) Name two water borne diseases.
Ans:- Waterborne diseases are illnesses caused by microscopic organisms, like viruses and bacteria, that are ingested through contaminated water or by coming in contact with feces.
1. Diarrhea
2. Cholera
(iv) Illustrate the global warming.
Ans:- Global warming is a gradual, long-term increase in the average temperature of Earth's atmosphere due to the greenhouse effect where gasses from various human activities, including the burning of fossil fuels, trap heat from solar radiation.
(v) It is advisable to switch off engine of vehicle at red light, explain with reason.
Ans:- Switching off the engine of the vehicles at the red light on the road will help to save fuel and cause less pollution.
(vi) Define photochemical smog.
Ans:- Photochemical smog is a type of air pollution due to the reaction of solar radiation with airborne pollutant mixtures of nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (hydrocarbons). Smog is a byproduct of modern industrialization. Due to industry and the number of motor vehicles, this is more of a problem in large cities that have a warm, sunny and dry climate.