A_________ help us to place multiple components on the screen in proper alignment.
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Answers
Explanation:
Chapter 4. Organizing the Page:Layout of Page Elements
Page layout is the art of manipulating the user’s attention on a page to convey meaning, sequence, and points of interaction.
If the word “manipulating” sounds unseemly to you, think about it this way. Film and television directors make their living by manipulating your attention on the movie or TV screen, and you are presumably a willing participant. Likewise for editors who arrange articles, headlines, and ads on a newspaper. If all this content were presented in a drab monotone, with no graphic emphasis to grab and move your attention, you would actually find it harder to extract meaning—what’s supposed to be important, and what’s not?
Even though it is ultimately an art, there might be more rationality to good page layout than you think. Some important ideas from graphic design are explained in this chapter introduction; each can guide you in the layout of pages, screens, and dialog boxes. We’ll talk about visual hierarchy, visual flow and focal points, and grouping and alignment—all are predictable and rational approaches to page design. This chapter’s patterns describe concrete ways to apply those high-level concepts to interface design.
But the changeable, interactive nature of computer displays makes layout easier in some ways, harder in others. We’ll talk about why that’s true. Some of these patterns work as well in print as they do onscreen, but most of them would be useless in print because they presume that the user will interact with the page.
THE BASICS OF PAGE LAYOUT
This section discusses five major elements of page layout: visual hierarchy, visual flow, grouping and alignment, how to put these three elements together, and how to use dynamic displays.
VISUAL HIERARCHY: WHAT’S IMPORTANT?
The concept of visual hierarchy plays a part in all forms of graphic design. Put simply, the most important content should stand out the most, and the least important should stand out the least. Titles ought to look like titles, and secondary content ought to look like secondary content—in other words, a reader should be able to deduce the informational structure of the page from its layout.
Examples explain this concept best. Figure 4-1 shows text that wasn’t formatted with any visual hierarchy at all.
No visual hierarchy
Figure 4-1. No visual hierarchy
Passable, but not great. What’s the most important information in that paragraph? You can guess that the first sentence is the most important, but otherwise, it’s hard to tell, since the whole block of text is visually monotonous. Once you’ve read it and realize it’s an invitation, you can tell from context—but you had to read it first.
Now let’s improve on this example. Whitespace is one of the best tools you have for organizing a visual hierarchy. It’s a cheap and graceful way of pulling apart monotonous blocks of information.
With whitespace
Figure 4-2. With whitespace
In Figure 4-2, you can at least see distinct groups of information. And the headline at the top—“Zelda’s 30th Birthday Party”—stands out a bit more because it has whitespace around it. So does the not-quite-as-important RSVP message at the bottom. But the text that your eye falls on first is probably “You’re invited to”. It’s sitting up there by itself, at the upper left corner, where every speaker of left-to-right languages looks first. That alone gives it unwarranted importance.
You also have typography and positioning at your disposal, which Figure 4-3 applies to the same problem.
Answer:
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