Question

a)How are the hereditary changes responsible for evolution?
b)Explain the process of formation of complex proteins?
c)Explain the theory of evolution and mention the proof supporting it?
d)Explain with suitable examples importance of anatomical evidences in evolution?
e)Define fossil. Explain importance of fossils as proof of evolution?
f)Write evolutionary history of modern man?

Answer 1

1. In sexually reproducing organisms, variations are introduced during crossing over of chromosomes. These variations are inherited by the progeny. Variations help in adapting to surrounding environment and help in better survival and hence leads to evolution.
2. Two amino acids join by peptide bond. Many amino acids thus combine and form polypeptide chains. Proteins are heteropolymers of building blocks called amino acids.
3. When an organism has finally adapted to the surroundings and can survive better they are said to have evolved. There are many evidences for evolution such as palaeontological evidence(fossils) Convergent evolution (analogous organs) Divergent evolution (Homologous organs).
4. .
5. Fossils are the remains of dead plants and animals. With the help of carbon dating the age of fossils can be determined and how it had been involved in evolution.
6. 15 millions year ago Dryopithecus was formed which evolved into ramapithecus(common ancestor of apes and man) which evolved into Australopithecus(Had a cranial capacity of 500 cc) which evolved into homo habilis(had a brain capacity of 650-800 cc) which evolved into homo erectus (the first stage in human evolution with an erect posture) Erectus had an average cc of 900 and it evolved into Neanderthal man(1350 cc) which evolved into cro magnan man(direct ancestor of modern human with 1650 cc) which finally evolved into homo sapiens(modern man) with 1400 cc

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