(a) How should the electric lamps in a building be connected so that switching on or off in a room has no effect on other lamps in the building? State one or more advantage of such an arrangement.
(b) Which effect of current is utilised in the working of an electric fuse? How does an electric fuse work?
(c) What is the usual colour of the insulation of (i) earth wire, and (ii) live wire?
(d) When does an electric short circuit occur? What harm can do it?
(e) Explain the purpose of earthing an electrical appliance.
Answers
Explanation:
(a) Electric lamps must be connected in parallel so that each lamp receives its power. In that case, turning on and off in the room has no impact on other bulbs in the building.
The advantage of this kind of connection is that if the devices in the circuit break down or no longer work, they will not affect other devices.
(b) Heating effect of current is utilized in the working of an electric fuse. The fuse is designed to transmit only a certain amount of current.
Thus, when a current exceeds the nominal amount of the fuse, the wire melts and disrupts the circuit.
So no other current moves into the circuit and other devices are not damaged.
(c) The usual color of ground wire is green or yellow and for live wire is brown.
(d) Short-circuiting is caused when a live wire is connected to a neutral in a circuit. A short circuit can generate a sudden huge volume of current in the circuit which can damage low power devices.
(e) The primary purpose of the earth is to provide an urgent route for excessive flow due to circuit failure.
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