(a) (i) Define corrosion. Under what conditions does corrosion take place?
(ii) Give the formula and the chemical name of rust.
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Answers
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(i)Corrosion is a natural process, which converts a refined metal to a more chemically-stable form, such as its oxide, hydroxide, or sulfide. It is the gradual destruction of materials (usually metals) by chemical and/or electrochemical reaction with their environment.
(ii)Chemical names for rust include iron oxide, ferric oxide and hematite. The substance is also known by its chemical formula, Fe2O3, which represents the two elements--iron and oxygen--that compose rust.
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How corrosion occurs?
In the presence of moisture, an oxidation reaction takes place on the energized area of the metal surface to elute metal as an ion (anode). A reduction takes place on low energy area (cathode).
On the metal surface, oxidation on anode and reduction on cathode proceed in equal rates and metal corrosion takes place. Normally, corrosion of metal occurs on anode.
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