(a) Mahavir
QD.Answer the following questions:- (Any-10)
1. Where did the early people live ?
2. Where are Garo hills and Vindhyas ?
3. What are pyramids?
4. What is the basis of Vedic Sanskrit?
5. Why were hymns composed by Aryans ?
6. What is a Janpad ?
7. Give in brief the teachings of Mahatma Buddha ?
8. In what ways was Pataliputra different from Mohenjodaro?
9. How did the kalinga war bring about a change in Ashoka's attitude towar
10. What did ashoka do to make the life of his people comfortable ?
11. Why Mathura city was so important ? Explain.
12. Why do you think he wanted to control the coasts?
Answers
Answer:
1.Between 70,000 and 100,000 years ago, Homo sapiens began migrating from the African continent and populating parts of Europe and Asia. They reached the Australian continent in canoes sometime between 35,000 and 65,000 years ago. Map of the world showing the spread of Homo sapiens throughout the Earth over time.
2.Garo hills lie to the north-east of India. The Vindhyas are in the central India. These are the areas where man developed agriculture.
3.A pyramid is a structure whose outer surfaces are triangular and converge to a single step at the top, making the shape roughly a pyramid in the geometric sense. The base of a pyramid can be trilateral, quadrilateral, or of any polygon shape. As such, a pyramid has at least three outer triangular surfaces.
4.Vedic Sanskrit, or Vedic, is the name given by modern scholarship to the oldest, attested form of the Proto-Indo-Aryan language belonging to the Indo-Aryan subgroup of the Indo-European language family. It is attested in the Vedas and related literature compiled over the period of the mid-2nd to mid-1st millennium BCE.
5.The hymns in the Rig Veda are composed in praise of gods of nature like Indra and Varuna. This is because the Vedic people were mainly concerned with agriculture and cattle rearing and for them, the forces of nature such as rain, wind and sun, were the most important.
6.The Janapadas were the realms, republics (ganapada) and kingdoms (saamarajya) of the Vedic period on the Indian subcontinent. The Vedic period reaches from the late Bronze Age into the Iron Age: from about 1500 BCE to the 6th century BCE.
7.The teachings of the Buddha are aimed solely at liberating sentient beings from suffering. The Basic Teachings of Buddha which are core to Buddhism are: The Three Universal Truths; The Four Noble Truths; and • The Noble Eightfold Path.
8.(11 ᵃᶜᶜᵒʳᵈⁱⁿᵍ ᵠᵘᵉˢᵗⁱᵒⁿ ˢᵉʳⁱᵉˢ) Mathura derived its importance as a center of trade due to its location where the northern trade route of the Indo-Gangetic Plain met with the routes to Malwa (central India) and the west coast. By the 6th century BCE Mathura became the capital of the Surasena Kingdom
9.(12ᵃᶜᶜᵒʳᵈⁱⁿᵍ ᵗᵒ ᵠᵘᵉˢᵗⁱᵒⁿ ˢᵉʳⁱᵉˢ)Gautamiputra Shri Satakarni wanted to control the coasts because India has a brisk trade with foreign countries. Chiefs and kings who controlled the river valleys and the coasts became rich and powerful. He sent his army to the western, southern and eastern coasts.
10.(10ᵃᶜᶜᵒʳᵈⁱⁿᵍ ᵗᵒ ᵠᵘᵉˢᵗⁱᵒⁿ ˢᵉʳⁱᵉˢ)He planted trees on both sides of the road. He built rest houses where travellers could rest. He dug a large number of wells. He built hospitals for both people and animals.
Explanation:
ᴘʟᴇᴀsᴇ ғᴏʟʟᴏᴇ ᴍᴇ ғᴏʀ ᴍᴏʀᴇ....
ᴘʟᴢ ᴍᴀᴋᴇ ᴍᴇ ʙʀᴀɪɴʟɪᴇsᴛ