Question

a) Mention the tools that have been used for tracing evolutionary relationship pf humans...b) How do genes control the characteristics of tallness of a plant??​

Answer 1

Answer:

a) Some of the tools that have been used for tracing evolutionary relationship pf humans are:

1.Homologous organ

2. Fossil fuel

3. Analogous organ

4. Vestigial organ

b)Genes are sections or segments of DNA that are carried on the chromosomes and determine specific human characteristics, such as height or hair color. proteins control the characteristics.But genes do not carry out the actual work. Rather, they serve as instruction books for making functional molecules such as ribonucleic acid (RNA) and proteins, which perform the chemical reactions in our bodies. It is these proteins which carry out the actual function of performing different functions and controlling various characteristics. So genes produce the proteins which in turn controls the characteristics, or traits.

Genes are sections or segments of DNA that are carried on the chromosomes and determine specific human characteristics, such as height or hair color. proteins control the characteristics.But genes do not carry out the actual work. Rather, they serve as instruction books for making functional molecules such as ribonucleic acid (RNA) and proteins, which perform the chemical reactions in our bodies. It is these proteins which carry out the actual function of performing different functions and controlling various characteristics. So genes produce the proteins which in turn controls the characteristics, or traits.

Example - Plant height is dependent on the amount of a particular plant hormone. The amount of the plant hormone made will depend on the efficiency of the process for making it. Consider now an enzyme that is important for this process. If this enzyme works efficiently, a lot of hormone will be made, and the plant will be tall. If the gene for that enzyme has an alteration that makes the enzyme less efficient, the amount of hormone will be less, and the plant will be short.

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Answer 2

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