Question

A new kind of bhakti evolved in South India in the seventh to ninth century, comprising of the emergence of new religious movements which were led by Nayanars and Alvars. Nayanars were saints devoted to Shiva and Alvars were saints devoted to Vishnu. They belonged to all castes, including the ones who were considered untouchable like the Pulaiyar and Panars. They were highly critical of the Buddhists and Jainas and preached the ardent love of Shiva or Vishnu as the path to salvation. They preached the ideas of love and heroism found in the Sangam literature and blended them with the values of bhakti.

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Answer 1

Answer:

Worship of Shiva, Vishnu and Durga as supreme deities through elaborate rituals became popular. Also, at the same time, the gods and goddesses worshipped in different areas came to be identified with Shiva, Vishnu or Durga. In the process, local myths and legends became a part of the Puranic stories. Also methods of worship recommended in the Puranas were introduced into local cults. It was also laid down in the Puranas that it was possible to receive the grace of God regardless of the caste status of the local cults. There was so much increase in the idea of bhakti that even Buddhists and Jainas adopted these beliefs.

Explanation:

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