A pencil appears to be broken near the surface of water.
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- As you sight at the portion of the pencil that was submerged in the water, light travels from water to air (or from water to glass to air). This light ray changes medium and subsequently undergoes refraction. As a result, the image of the pencil appears to be broken.
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1. The portion of the pencil inside the water appears to be thicker than the portion above the water.
2. This illusion is created due to the change in the direction of light while coming out of water, this change in direction is known as refraction of light.
3. Thus, A pencil appears to e broken near the surface of water.
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