Question

A person injured in a road accident and requiring an urgent immune response was brought to a doctor. 2

(a) What did the doctor immediately do?

(b) What kind of an immunity was he providing to the patient?

(c) Define this kind of immunity.

Answer 1

a) give antibiotics and first aid

b)active immunity

c)it is the type of immunity which provides ready action againt the infection causingagents

Hope that it will help you

Answer 2

Urgent Immune response

Explanation:

• (a) Doctors immediately give them first aid treatment to stop bleeding and pain killers to reduce the pain.

• (b) Innate immunity, the first line of defense in the body, comes into action after an injury.

• (c) Innate immunity is the type of immunity present from the time of birth. It is non-specific as it does not generate specific responses according to the pathogen. It consists of 4 kinds of barriers.

• Physical barriers − Skin and mucous coating of respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urogenital tract prevent the entry of microbes into the body.

• Physiological barriers − Acid in the stomach, saliva in the mouth, tears from eyes

• Cellular barriers − Blood has leukocytes, monocytes, etc. and tissue has macrophages that kill the microbes.

• Cytokine barriers − Special proteins called interferons are secreted by virus-infected cells that prevent the further spread of viral infection.