A pipe 20 cm long is closed at one end. Which harmonic mode of the pipe is resonantly excited by a 1275 Hz source? (velocity of sound
in air = 340 m/s)
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Explanation:
Length of the pipe, l=20cm=0.2m
Source frequency =nth normal mode of frequency, fn=430Hz
Speed of sound, v = 340 m/s
In a closed pipe, the nth normal mode of frequency is given by the relation:
f=(2n−1)4lv n∈{1,2,3,....}
430=(2n−1)4×0.2340
2n−1=340430×4×0.2=1.01
2n=2.01
n≈1
Hence, the first mode of vibration frequency is resonantly excited by the given source.
In a pipe open at both ends, the nth mode of vibration frequency is given by the relation:
fn=nv/2l
n=2lfn/v≈0.5
The same source will not be in resonance with the same pipe open at both ends.
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