(a) possible causes of cancer
(6) patterns of the disease conditions in a population
(c) the distribution of the disease in a population
(d) development of new treatments
Which of the following statements is implied but NOT stated directly in the first paragraph?
(a) Early screening of cancer may artificially increase the survival statistics of a patient without
actually improving the natural history of the disease.
(6) Slow progressing cancers are more likely to be diagnosed by screening tests but that may not
ensure better patient outcomes.
(c) The diagnosis of cancers has definitely improved but the effectiveness of its treatment has not
improved correspondingly.
Answers
Answer: a)Causes Cancer?
Smoking and Tobacco.
Diet and Physical Activity.
Sun and Other Types of Radiation.
Viruses and Other Infections.
b)Common environmental factors that contribute to cancer death include tobacco use (25–30%), diet and obesity (30–35%), infections (15–20%), radiation (both ionizing and non-ionizing, up to 10%), lack of physical activity, and pollution.
Treatment: Radiation therapy, surgery, chemot...
Risk factors: Tobacco, obesity, poor diet, lack of ...
Other names: Malignant tumor, malignant neo...
Deaths: 8.8 million (2015)
c)Epidemiology is the study (scientific, systematic, data-driven) of the distribution (frequency, pattern) and determinants (causes, risk factors) of health-related states and events (not just diseases) in specified populations (patient is community, individuals viewed collectively), and the application of (since ...
d)Clearly written, complete sentences require key information: a subject, a verb and a complete idea. A sentence needs to make sense on its own. Sometimes, complete sentences are also called independent clauses. A clause is a group of words that may make up a sentence. An independent clause is a group of words that may stand alone as a complete, grammatically correct thought. The following sentences show independent clauses.
Explanation: