Question

a ray of light travelling in water strikes the surface of separation of water and air at angle of 45 degrees with respect to normal. in which direction the ray will be bent ? how does angle of refraction compare with angle of incidence

Answer 1

Since the water has more optical density, the light ray will bend towards the normal. The relation between angle of incidence and the angle of refraction is given by sin i/sin r = n1/n2,

i-angle of incidence

r-angle of refraction

n1-refractive index of the medium1,i.e,air

n2-refractive index of water