A ray parallel to the principle axis, after reflection, will pass through the principal focus in case of a concave mirror or appear to diverge from the principal focus in case of a convex mirror, why this happens?
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Since, a concave mirror converge the parallel rays after reflection, thus a concave mirror is also known as converging mirror. In the case of convex mirror: A ray parallel to principal axis appears to diverge from the principal focus after reflecting from the surface of a convex mirror.
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Any ray travelling parallel to the principal axis in case of concave mirror is supposed to pass through principal focus after being reflected from mirror surface .However a ray of light parallel to principal axis and coincident with it intersects mirror surface at pole and just retraces it's path after reflection therefore satisfying the condition of being parallel to principal axis as well as being reflected at pole of mirror.
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