A. Read the passage carefully.
The catalytic fact of the twentieth century is uncontrollable development, consumerist
society, political materialism, and spiritual devaluation. This inordinate development has
led to the transcendental 'second reality' of sacred perception that biologically
transcendence is a part of human life. As the century closes, it dawns with imperative
vigour that the 'first reality' of enlightened rationalism and the 'second reality' of the
Beyond have to be harmonised in a worthy state of man. The de facto values describe
what we are, they portray the 'is' of our ethic, they are ‘est’ values (Latin ‘est’ means is).
The ideal values tell us what we ought to be, they are ‘esto’ values (Latin esto 'ought to
be'). Both have to be in the ebb and flow of consciousness. The ever new science and
technology and the ever-perennial faith are two modes of one certainty, that is the
wholeness of man, his courage to be, his share in Being.
The materialistic foundations of science have crumbled down. Science itself has
proved that matter is energy, processes are as valid as facts, and affirmed the non-
materiality of the universe. The encounter of the ‘two cultures', the scientific and the
humane, will restore the normal vision, and will be the bedrock of a 'science of
understanding' in the new century. It will give new meaning to the ancient perception that
quantity (measure) and quality (value) coexist at the root of nature. Human endeavours
cannot afford to be humanistically irresponsible.
Answer the following questions:
1. What is referred to as ‘first reality’ and what is referred to as ‘second reality’ in the
text?
2. “Both have to be in the ebb and flow of consciousness.”- What will have to be in the
ebb and flow of consciousness and why?
3. In what context is it written in the text that the materialistic foundations of science
have crumbled down?
4. What is meant by ‘science of understanding’?
5. What are the meanings of the words ‘ever-perennial’ and ‘inordinate’ in the context of
the passage?
Answers
The answers are as follows:
1. The first reality is enlightened rationalism. The second reality is the sacred perception that biological transcendence is a part of human life.
2. The de facto values and the ideal values have to be in ebb and flow. The de facto values are the "est" values. The ideal values are the 'esto' values. They need to be in ebb and flow because only the balance of these two modes can bring about wholesomeness to man and share meaning with his Being.
3. The materialistic foundations of science have crumbled down. It refers to the facts that have been proved by science which states that our universe is non-materialistic. Thus, the scientific discoveries had gone against their foundations.
4. 'Science of understanding' refers to the method of understanding, observing, and learning new things.
5. 'Ever-perennial'- ever-flowing
'Inordinate'- excessive
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1. First reality is referred to as enlightened rationalism and second reality is referred to as fact that biologically transcendence is a part of human life.
2. The de facto values and este values have to be in the ebb and flow of consciousness.
3. It has been written in the context of encounter of two cultures.
4. Science of understanding means that an understanding of science will develop and this science will be a result of more understanding between humans and science.
5. Perennial means ever lasting and inordinate means excessive in context to passage.
- Unstoppable development, consumer society, political materialism, and spiritual devaluation are the catalytic facts of the twentieth century. This excessive development has given rise to the hallowed notion of a transcendental "second reality," which holds that human life is transcendental on a biological level.
- As the century draws to a conclusion, it becomes increasingly clear that a worthy state of man requires the 'first reality' of enlightened rationalism and the'second reality' of the Beyond to be in harmony. The de facto values are est values because they represent the "is" of who we are (Latin est means is).
- The ideal values, or esto values (from the Latin esto, which means "ought to be"), describe what we ought to be.
- Both must be moving with the tide of consciousness. One certainty—that of man's completeness, his bravery to be, and his share in Being—can be expressed in two ways, through ever-evolving science and technology and ever-enduring faith.
- Science's deterministic underpinnings have collapsed. Science has established the non-materiality of the universe, shown that matter is energy, and that processes are just as valid as facts.
- The coming together of the "two cultures," the scientific and the humanitarian, will restore normal vision and serve as the cornerstone of an understanding-based science in the twenty-first century.
- The notion that quantity (measure) and quality (value) coexist at the foundation of nature will acquire new significance as a result.
1. First reality is referred to as enlightened rationalism and second reality is referred to as fact that biologically transcendence is a part of human life.
2. The de facto values and este values have to be in the ebb and flow of consciousness.
3. It has been written in the context of encounter of two cultures.
4. Science of understanding means that an understanding of science will develop and this science will be a result of more understanding between humans and science.
5. Perennial means ever lasting and inordinate means excessive in context to passage.
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