A rod made from insulating material carries a net charge (which may be positive or negative), whereas a copper sphere is electrically neutral. The rod is held close to the sphere but does not touch it. Which one of the following statements concerning the forces that the rod and sphere exert on each other is true? (a) The forces are always attractive. (b) The forces are always repulsive. (c) The forces are attractive when the rod is negative and repulsive when it is positive. (d) The forces are repulsive when the rod is negative and attractive when it is positive. (e) There are no forces.
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Answer:
Option (a)
Explanation:
When a charged ( be it -ve) body made of insulating material is brought near a neutral copper sphere, the copper sphere being a metal, has a large number of free electrons, which are negatively charged particles. Thus when the negatively charged insulating body is brought near the copper sphere, the electrons displace due to repulsion and the positive ions get attracted due to induction.
If the insulating body is positively and is brought near the copper sphere, it attracts as opposite charges attract each other.
Thus the insulating body, be it +ve charged or -ve charged, will always attract a neutral metal body due to induction or electrostatic force of attraction.
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