Question

A short description of factors and process involved

Answer 1

Answer:

• Quantity of material produced & flexibility—Typically batch processes are used to manufacture a large number of products. Within each product there are often a number of grades with minor differences. Since frequent product and process changes are a way of life in batch processes, they must be flexible and allow relatively easy process adjustments. Continuous processes, on the other hand, are more economical when large quantities of material are to be processed and the same product will be made for a long period of time. A continuous process may operate under different steady state conditions at different times depending on the nature of products being manufactured. For example, a refinery may produce a greater amount of the gasoline cut during one season compared to another, resulting in different operating steady states in different seasons.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Continuous Contamination Monitoring Systems

Roger Welker, in Developments in Surface Contamination and Cleaning: Particle Deposition, Control and Removal, 2010

4.1.2 Temperature and Relative Humidity

The temperature and relative humidity in a cleanroom are dictated by the process or, in the absence of process factors, by the need to provide a comfortable workplace for the operators. Cleanrooms are generally considered comfortable when the temperature is in the range from 20 to 22°C (approximately 68–72°F) and the relative humidity is in the range from approximately 35% to 55%. Temperature probes with accuracy of ±0.2°C and relative humidity sensors with accuracy of ±2% are generally considered adequate for monitoring cleanroom conditions that are dictated by comfort. Some processes require tighter control over temperature and humidity than others.