A small quantity of sugarcane juice is mixed with yeast and kept in an airtight container. After afew days the juice starts frothing, and gives strong smell.(a) Name the process. (b) Describe the process and the changes taking place.(c) Name the main product formed.(d) How can you recover the product formed from the reaction mixture ?
Answers
A. The process that takes place when small quantity of sugarcane is mixed with yeast and kept in an airtight container is fermentation.
B. In the process of fermentation The breakdown of Sugars Or carbohydrates present in the juice of sugarcane are digested to form ethanol and carbon dioxide.
C. The main product of the fermentation process is ethanol.
D. Ethanol is extracted by removing molasses from the container.
Sugarcane juice is mixed with yeast.
Explanation:
(a) The process involved is Fermentation.
(b) Fermentation is a process in which an organism such as yeast converts a sugar or a starch into acid or an alcohol.
It is a process through which chemical changes are produced in organic substrates by the action of enzymes.
(c) The main product formed during the process of fermentation is Ethanol.
(d) Recovery of ethanol from the reaction mixture.
- When we pass the cane stalks through extractor or expeller, cane juice is obtained which is delivered to a fermentation tank.
- Here the yeast fermentation reaction occurs which generate ethanol.
- The leftover fibrous residue known as bagasse is combusted to generate heat or electricity.
- The fermentation broth containing 5-12% ethanol by weight is called as beer.
- The beer is transported to distillation column where the ethanol is recovered.
- The liquid residue known as Vinasse is obtained at the bottom of distillation column.
- The purity of ethanol, at this step is 92-95%.
- Further water separation process is needed.
- Anhydrous ethanol is obtained by dehydration of the residual water.