Question

a solution of A is made to react with chlorine water in the presence of carbon tetrachloride on shaking the water carbon tetrachloride layer is formed to be Orange in colour . identify the compound A .write the chemical equation for reaction .and also type of reaction.
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Answer 1

The nature of the reaction (which is a free radical substitution initiated by the cleaving of the Cl-Cl bond by U//V radiation) is such that you will get a mixture of all four - chloromethane, dichloromethane, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride. The volume of the two reactants will affect the proportion - limited chlorine will see mostly the mono-substituted alkyl halide )same holds true for other alkanes), whereas excess chlorine will result in much more carbon tetrachloride.When methane is mixed with chlorine in the presence of sunlight, a free radical substitution reaction occurs.

Upon the completion of the first substitution, chloromethane (CH3Cl) is formed.

However due to the presence of Cl radicals and 3 H atoms still available for substitution on the chloromethane, it can undergo further substitution to form dichloromethane (CH2Cl2).

Following these steps, dichloromethane can then undergo a further substitution to give trichloromethane (CHCl3) or chloroform.

Lastly, trichloromethane can undergo yet another substitution to give tetrachloromethane.

As such, in the reaction vessel, we will find a mixture of mono, di, tri and tetrachloromethane.

We can adjust the amount of Cl2 to methane ratio in the reaction vessel to favour a larger proportion of the mono or tetra substituted methane.

To favour the formation of the mono substituted, use limited chlorine. To favour the formation of the tetra substituted, use excess chlorine.

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Answer 2

Answer:

“Chlorine water” is actually a mixture of HClO and HCl:

$Cl_{2} +H_{2} O=HClO+HCl$

So adding carbon tetrachloride to chlorine water produces the following reaction:

HClO(a) + HCl(a) + $CCl{4} (l)$ = CO(g) + $2Cl_{2} (g)$ + 2HCl(a)

Explanation:

• Chloromethane, dichloromethane, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride will all be produced as a result of the reaction, which is a free radical substitution started by the cleaving of the Cl-Cl link by UV radiation. A minimal amount of chlorine will produce largely mono-substituted alkyl halides (the same is true for other alkanes), whereas an abundance of chlorine will produce a significant amount of carbon tetrachloride. In the presence of sunshine, methane and chlorine combine to form a free radical substitution process.

• Chloromethane $(CH_{3} Cl)$ is created once the initial substitution is finished.

• However, the chloromethane can undergo additional substitution to generate dichloromethane since it still has 3 H atoms and Cl radicals that are accessible for substitution $(CH_{2} Cl_{2} )$.

• After undergoing these changes, dichloromethane can be further transformed into trichloromethane $(CHCl_{3} )$ or chloroform.

• Finally, a further substitution can be performed on trichloromethane to get tetrachloromethane.

• As a result, we will find a mixture of mono, di, tri, and tetrachloromethane in the reaction vessel.

• We can change the reaction vessel's$Cl_{2}$ to methane ratio to favor a higher percentage of mono- or tetrasubstituted methane.

• Use only a small amount of chlorine to encourage the production of the mono substituted. Use too much chlorine to promote the creation of the tetra substituted.

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