a) State two points of differences between Sigma and Pi bond.
b)Define Bond order.
c) Calculate the bond order of N2,O2, O22-
Answers
Answer:
hey mate here is your answer.....
Explanation:
The number of covalent bonds present in covalent molecule is called bond order. It is one half the difference between the number of electrons in the bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals.
Bond order =
number of electrons in antibonding Molecular orbitals
number of electrons in bonding Molecular orbitals
(i) For N
2
molecule,
The electronic configuration is KK(σ2s)
2
(σ
∗
2s)
2
(π2p
x
)
2
(π2p
y
)
2
(σ2p
z
)
2
.
Its bond order is
2
8−2
=3.
(ii)The electronic configuration of O
2
molecule is KK(σ2s)
2
(σ
∗
2s)
2
(σ2p
z
)
2
(π2p
x
)
2
(π2p
y
)
2
(π
∗
2pIts bond order is
2
8−4
=2.
(iii)The electronic configuration of O
2
+
ion is KK(σ2s)
2
(σ
∗
2s)
2
(σ2p
z
)
2
(π2p
x
)
2
(π2p
y
)
2
(π
∗
2p
x
)
1
.
Its bond order is
2
8−3
=2.5.
(iv)The electronic configuration of O
2
−
molecule is KK(σ2s)
2
(σ
∗
2s)
2
(σ2p
z
)
2
(π2p
x
)
2
(π2p
y
)
2
(π
∗
2p
x
)
2
(π
∗
2p
y
)
1
.
Its bond order is
2
8−5
=2.5.
Sigma Bond Pi Bond
During sigma bond formation overlapping orbitals can either be one hybrid orbital and a single pure orbital, or two pure orbitals and two hybrid orbitals. During pi bond formation overlapping orbitals must be two unhybridized orbitals.
Sigma bonds are known to exist independently and allow free rotation. Pi-bonds must always exist along with sigma bond and the rotation is restricted