Question

A submarine emits a sonar pulse, which returns from an underwater cliff in 1.02 s. If the speed of sound in salt water is 1531 m/s, how far away is the cliff?​

Answer 1

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Time (t) taken by the sonar pulse to return = 1.02 s

Speed (v) of sound in salt water = 1531 m s-1

Distance travelled by sonar pulse = Speed of sound × Time taken

= 1531 x 1.02 = 1561.62 m

Distance of the cliff from the submarine = (Total distance travelled by sonar pulse) / 2

= 1561.62 / 2

= 780.81 m.

Answer 2

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Time taken by the sonar pulse to return, t = 1.02 s

Speed of sound in salt water, v = 1531 ms-1

Distance of the cliff from the submarine = Speed of sound * Time taken

Distance of the cliff from the submarine = 1.02 x 1531 = 1561.32 m

Distance travelled by the sonar pulse during its transmission and reception in water = 2 x Actual distance = 2d

Actual Distance, d= (Distance of the cliff from the submarine)/2

= 1561/2

= 780.31 m